和既有方案
差在哪裡。
How this differs from
what already exists.
從覆蓋範圍、基礎建設需求、容錯能力與成本比較各類方案。
A comparison across coverage, infrastructure requirements, fault tolerance and cost.
通訊方案Communication approaches
| 比較項目Criterion | LinkGuard | 衛星通訊器Satellite messenger | 一般 LoRa Mesh 救災系統Generic LoRa mesh system |
|---|---|---|---|
| 覆蓋範圍Coverage | 節點對指揮中心的長距鏈路，加上空中／地面載具擴大搜索面；四次實驗測得最大通訊距離為 1.96 公里。 Long-range node-to-centre links, extended by air and ground vehicles; four tests measured a maximum range of 1.96 km. | 近乎全球，但需要開闊天空視野，樹冠層與室內／廢墟下容易失效 Near-global, but needs open sky; unreliable under tree canopy, indoors or under rubble | 依節點密度而定，需要佈夠多中繼點才能連成面 Depends on node density; needs enough relays to form continuous coverage |
| 離線能力Offline | ● 完全離線；AI 於指揮中心本地端運算，全程不需網際網路 Fully offline; the AI runs on the command center device, no internet at any point | ○ 需訂閱服務與衛星鏈路，多數機種仰賴雲端轉送訊息 Needs a subscription and a satellite link; most devices relay messages through the cloud | ● 通常可離線，但決策與資料整合多半仍需另接後端 Usually offline-capable, but decision-making and data fusion often still need a backend |
| 資料型態Data | 生命徵象（心率／血氧）＋ 環境資料（含水／坡度／水位）＋ 載具影像，結構化進同一個儀表板 Vital signs (HR / SpO₂) + environment data (soil / slope / water) + vehicle video, all structured into one dashboard | 以簡訊、座標與 SOS 為主，無生理與環境感測 Mostly text, coordinates and SOS; no physiological or environmental sensing | 多半只傳位置與文字訊息 Usually position and text messages only |
| 部署難度Deployment | 節點以 模組化零件組成，可快速複製與維修；載具需操作人員 Nodes are built from modular parts, quick to replicate and repair; the vehicles need operators | 開箱即用，個人裝置門檻最低 Works out of the box; the lowest barrier as a personal device | 需事先規劃節點佈點與中繼拓撲 Requires planning node placement and relay topology in advance |
| 成本Cost | SBN 單一節點物料成本約 NT$2,000，無月租費；其他模組依配置計價 SBN bill of materials ~NT$2,000 per node, no subscription; other modules vary by configuration | 裝置費約 NT$12,000 ＋ 月租約 NT$450–2,000 Device ~NT$12,000 plus ~NT$450–2,000 / month | 硬體成本低，但整體佈建成本隨節點數線性上升 Cheap hardware, but total build-out cost scales linearly with node count |
| 主要限制Limitation | 頻寬小，只能傳結構化短封包；影像須靠載具鏈路 Very little bandwidth — short structured packets only; video depends on the vehicle link | 無法感測受困者狀態，也無法整合現場資訊 Cannot sense a victim’s condition, and cannot integrate on-scene information | 缺乏統一的指揮與決策層 Lacks a unified command and decision layer |
註：本表中他方案的描述為通則性比較，未逐一對應特定商品型號。填入實際型號與報價後可信度更高。
Note: the other two columns describe categories in general terms, not specific products. Naming actual models and quoting real prices would make this table stronger.
與現有搜救技術及商用 USAR 工具比較。
Against current rescue techniques and commercial USAR tools.
以下兩張表取自第 66 屆全國科展作品說明書（表七、表八）：先從原理層面比較傳統無線電／LINE 與聲納、蛇管光學；再與市售都市搜救（USAR）裝備逐項對照。
The two tables below come from our National Science Fair report (Tables 7 and 8): first a principle-level comparison with radio/LINE and acoustic or camera probes, then an item-by-item comparison with commercial urban search-and-rescue (USAR) equipment.
搜救技術Search techniques
| 比較面向Criterion | 傳統無線電／LINERadio / LINE messaging | 聲納／蛇管光學Acoustic / snake camera | LinkGuard-E |
|---|---|---|---|
| 通訊可用性Link availability | 基地台中斷即失效Fails when cell towers go down | 不涉及通訊No communication function | LoRa 自組網Self-organised LoRa network |
| RC 結構穿透能力RC penetration | 高頻訊號全阻High-frequency signals blocked | 無法穿牆Cannot see through walls | 923 MHz 長波長繞射穿透923 MHz long-wavelength diffraction |
| 受困者生理數據Victim vital signs | ✗ 無None | ✗ 無None | ✓ 即時心率回傳Live heart rate |
| 檢傷排序依據Triage basis | 到達現場後目視Visual, on arrival | 到達現場後目視Visual, on arrival | 抵達前已依生理數據排序Ranked by vitals before arrival |
| 指揮資訊整合Command integration | LINE＋無線電分散Scattered across LINE and radio | 獨立設備無整合Stand-alone device | ICS 分層單一平台Single ICS-layered platform |
| 離線可用性Offline use | 需網路Needs the internet | 不適用Not applicable | Offline First，本地暫存自動同步Offline-first with local cache and auto-sync |
商用 USAR 工具Commercial USAR tools
| 比較面向Criterion | Delsar LD3 | SearchCam 3000 | Lifeseeker | LinkGuard-E |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 廠商／國別Vendor / country | Savox 集團（芬蘭）Savox Group (Finland) | Savox／Con-Space（芬蘭）Savox / Con-Space (Finland) | CENTUM（西班牙）CENTUM (Spain) | 本研究（台灣）This project (Taiwan) |
| 物理原理Principle | 地震波＋聲波被動聆聽Passive seismic and acoustic listening | 240° 關節攝影機＋雙向語音240° articulating camera with two-way audio | 空載偽基地台（2G–5G）Airborne pseudo base station (2G–5G) | LoRa 923 MHz＋BLE 生理感測LoRa 923 MHz + BLE vital sensing |
| 基礎建設依賴Infrastructure | 無None | 無None | 需空載平台Needs an aircraft platform | 無None |
| 受困者需具備Victim must | 能敲擊或發聲Be able to tap or call out | 位於攝影機可達之孔隙Be within reach of a camera void | 持有開機手機Carry a powered-on phone | 配戴信標或智慧手錶Wear a beacon or smartwatch |
| 即時生理數據Live vital signs | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✓ 心率（BLE HR Service）Heart rate (BLE HR Service) |
| ICS 指揮平台整合ICS command integration | 獨立硬體Stand-alone hardware | 獨立硬體Stand-alone hardware | 部分 MMS 整合Partial MMS integration | 原生 ICS 五角色介面Native five-role ICS interface |
| 適用場景Best suited to | 瓦礫深層聆聽Deep-rubble listening | 可探孔隙搜索Void searches | 戶外大範圍山難Wide-area outdoor mountain SAR | 都市倒塌＋預先部署Urban collapse with pre-deployment |
| 商業售價量級Price class | 約 US$25–40k（零售）≈US$25–40k (retail) | 約 US$15–25k（零售）≈US$15–25k (retail) | 高階國防／SAR 級High-end defence / SAR class | BOM < US$200（原型階段）BOM < US$200 (prototype) |
資料來源：Delsar LD3 之物理原理、感測器配置與認證資訊取自 Savox 官網；SearchCam 3000 之關節活動範圍、ClearSearch 螢幕與雙向語音取自 Savox／Con-Space 官網；Lifeseeker 之機載平台、頻段涵蓋與 5 公尺定位精度取自 CENTUM 官網。GSSI LifeLocator TRx（UWB 雷達，偵測深度 12 m）已於 2026 年停售，僅作為 USAR UWB 雷達技術參考，未列入直接比較。「商業售價量級」為依公開資訊與業界經驗估算之區間，實際售價因配置、認證需求與地區而異；LinkGuard-E 為原型階段，所列為料件成本（BOM）估算值。
Sources: Delsar LD3 principle, sensor configuration and certification from the Savox website; SearchCam 3000 articulation range, ClearSearch display and two-way audio from Savox / Con-Space; Lifeseeker airborne platform, band coverage and 5 m positioning accuracy from CENTUM. The GSSI LifeLocator TRx (UWB radar, 12 m detection depth) was discontinued in 2026 and is kept only as a technology reference. Price classes are ranges estimated from public information and industry experience and vary with configuration, certification and region; the LinkGuard-E figure is a prototype-stage bill-of-materials estimate.